基于Atmega64的直流电动机软起动器设计

直流电动机是重要的生产设备，起动是影响其寿命的关键因素。以蓄电池系统供电的直流电动机为研究对象。设计一种靠单片机控制，以IGBT为功率开关元件，采用PWM斩波降压的新型软起动器。相比传统的机械式起动器，它能实现连续无级的调节电动机起动，冲击转矩和冲击电流小，起动重复性好。     

油茶壳及油茶麸堆制有机肥研究初报

将油茶壳和油茶麸配置成4种不同比例进行有机肥沤制试验，结果表明油茶壳与油茶麸3：1时所堆沤成的有机肥中有机质及N、P、K含量较高。建议今后在油茶生产中进行有机肥堆沤时，油茶壳和油茶麸按3：1配比，以达到较优的养分效应。     

充分发挥图书馆服务功能预防青少年犯罪

近年来,我国青少年犯罪呈上升趋势,成为社会各界关注的焦点问题。图书馆的组织者、管理人员应针对青少年犯罪的重点群体采取相应的有效措施,强化图书馆服务职能、优化图书馆环境,在预防青少年犯罪方面作出新贡献。     

浅议市级图书馆服务少年儿童读者

结合市级图书馆的实际和少年儿童读者的特点,就市级图书馆为少年儿童读者服务的问题进行阐述,指明了素质教育背景下市级图书馆儿童读者工作的重要性及发展方向。     

烟后稻抛栽配套栽培技术

水稻软盘育秧抛栽技术是一项简化水稻生产程序、减轻劳动强度、提高经济效益的轻型栽掊技术,烟后稻季节紧,采用抛栽有利抢农时,通过对水稻抛栽优点及效益分析,阐述烟后稻抛栽高产配套栽培技术。     

鳖甲胶原蛋白酶解物的分离纯化及体外抗氧化性研究

为建立中华鳖背甲中胶原蛋白酶解物(CH)的制备条件,并明确其体外抗氧化活性,本研究采用单因素试验探讨鳖甲胶原蛋白酶解物的分离条件。结果表明,其最佳提取工艺参数:胃蛋白酶添加量 4 000 U·g^-1、pH值2.5、酶解温度35℃。通过透析纯化后获得体外抗氧化活性最好的组分为分子量<50 kDa的样品。该样品经Sephadex G-75凝胶色谱分离纯化得到2个组分,其中GP-2组分对O2-·、OH·和DPPH·3种自由基清除能力最强;之后对GP-2组分进行离子交换层析分离同样获得2个组分,其中P1组分体外抗氧化活性高于GP-2,其对DPPH·、OH·、O2-·清除率分别为81.67%、65.45%和6.78%。经SDS-PAGE电泳确定P1组分的分子量约40 kDa。本研究结果为鳖甲的开发利用及鳖源新型抗氧化物质的研发提供了一定的理论基础。     

辐照协同甲酸分离油茶壳中纤维素、木质素和木糖的工艺研究

为了提高油菜壳木质纤维素分离效率,本试验以油茶壳为原料,研究不同辐照剂量(0、200、400、600、800 kGy)处理后其粉碎能耗、粒度分布和化学组分的变化,同时开展辐照协同甲酸分离油茶壳木质纤维素的工艺研究。结果表明,辐照处理后油茶壳粉碎能耗降低,粉碎后细颗粒样品所占比例增加,经400 kGy剂量辐照处理的油茶壳粉碎能耗比对照节约43.59%,800 kGy剂量辐照处理的油茶壳粉碎后粒径<0.075 mm的颗粒占比达到41.38%。辐照处理后油茶壳木质纤维素发生降解,水溶性组分、水溶性单糖、聚糖含量均增加。辐照协同甲酸分离油茶壳纤维素、木质素和木糖的最佳工艺为:辐照剂量400 kGy,反应温度100℃,反应时间3 h,在此条件下分离获得的油茶壳纤维素、木质素、木糖的提取率分别为89.94%、47.74%和96.37%,纤维素和木质素纯度分别为45.05%和91.92%。本研究结果对油茶壳木质纤维素全组分的高效分离和应用具有重要意义。     

New ways and new hopes for IGR development

Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) represent advanced, bio-rational insecticides. This Special Issue reflects progress in IGR development that has been enabled by insight into the molecular principles of biosynthetic or hormone signaling pathways. The unifying principle is aiming at processes and molecular targets that are unique to arthropods and ideally to narrower insect taxa representing pests or disease vectors. While some strategies of obtaining the desired compounds for chemical intervention rely on rational, structure-based design or computational power, others exploit technologies allowing automated, high-throughput screening of large chemical libraries. All avenues leading to selective and environmentally safe pest control are valid as we face the imminent threat of the declining world insect population.     

Identification of novel juvenile-hormone signaling activators via high-throughput screening with a chemical library

Juvenile hormone (JH) is an insect-specific hormone that regulates molting and metamorphosis. Hence, JH signaling inhibitors (JHSIs) and activators (JHSAs) can be used as effective insect growth regulators (IGRs) for pest management. In our previous study, we established a high-throughput screening (HTS) system for exploration of novel JHSIs and JHSAs using a Bombyx mori cell line (BmN_JF&AR cells) and succeeded in identifying novel JHSIs from a chemical library. Here, we searched for novel JHSAs using this system. The four-step HTS yielded 10 compounds as candidate JHSAs; some of these compounds showed novel basic structures, whereas the others were composed of a 4-phenoxyphenoxymethyl skeleton, the basic structure of several existing JH analogs (pyriproxyfen and fenoxycarb). Topical application of seven compounds to B. mori larvae significantly prolonged the larval period, suggesting that the identified JHSAs may be promising IGRs targeting the JH signaling pathway.     

我国橡子资源的开发利用

橡子营养丰富，而且具有多种功能特性，广泛应用在食品和其它工业中。对橡子仁、橡子皮质和橡子壳的成分、功能和应用等研究情况进行了综述，并介绍了橡子资源在食品及其它工业领域的应用进展，以及提出了橡子资源开发与研究过程中遇到的问题和解决方案。